Window.



0 M.IEDWARDS.

WINDOW;

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16,

PATENT'ED JUNE 16, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MHLII ..ullm

gla I f Olz'wrMEdwards l I i i I OLIVER M. EDWARDS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

WINDOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 16, i908.

Application fil ed January 16, 1903. Serial No. 13Q,288.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER M. EDWARDS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Windows, (Case B of which t e following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the drawings accompanying the same.

My invention relates to devicesby which the sashes of windows may he held in close relation to the guideways in which they move and more orless released therefrom; means for locking the sash in desired positions; and actuating means by which the sash holding devices are more or less released and the sash is permitted to move in its guideway.

One object of my invention is to provide a window with devices which. are simple in construction and easy to apply, and which tend'to normally'hold the sash in its guideway at diiferent points thereof;

Another object is .toprovide a window with holding devices which tend to normally hold the sash in its guideway at different points thereof with a wedging action upon opposite'edges of the sash.

Another object is to provide a window with holdin 1 devices which tend to nor mally hold t e sash in its guideway with a yielding and more or less wedging action.

'Another object is .to provide and arrange such devices relativelyto the sash and its guideway that the wedging action thereof is substantially the same when thesash moves in either of two directions.

Other objects will appear from the descriptions hereinafter given; and my inven tion consists in the combinations of parts or devices hereinafter. set forth and particularly pointed out in the claims, whichform a part of this specification. 4 I have shown in the drawings different embodiments of my invention, but it is to beunderst-oodthat the invention may take on other forms or embodiments than those shown.

Like letters. of" reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding par-ts in the several figures of the drawings.

The. accompanying three sheets of drawings illustratecertain forms in which my invention maybe. carried out.

Figure ljisagfront view of a window containing my invention in one form applied to a car window, as seen from the interior of the car, with automatic or counterbalaneing means indicated, and with the holding devices partly attached to the sash and partly to the frame of the window. As thus shown only one of the holding devices is pro ided with means by which the stress of its spring canbe overcome to a greater or less extent to release the sash from the holding action of such device, the parts being so constructed and arrangedas to give the sash both an edgewise and sidewise movement in its guideway, as set forth in. Letters Patent i io. 562,935, granted to me upon application of John E. Sweet, June 30, 1896. Fig. 2 is'a vertical sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

sectional view on line 3 3, near the bottom ofFig. 1, showing the beveled holding surfaces in engagement one with. another, as when the sash is normally held in positionby the yielding wedging action of such devices. .lfig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on line 4-4, nearly midway of Figfl, showing the positions of the yielding holding devices near the top of the sash, when the window is closed. Fig. 5 is a front view of the holding device provided with actuating means seen in Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale, with the outside casing partly in section, showing, in full lines: the positions of the parts when holding the sash in place, and in dotted lines when the movable parts of the device have been actuated to a considerable extent to re lease the sash. way is shown and this illustrates the relations of the parts and to an abutment attached to the frame adjacent to the guide" Way.

Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of some of the parts seen in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 shows a modification in the arrangement of the parts seen in some of the preceding figures- Fig. 8 illustrates. another modification wherein four holding devices, each of which is provided with a spring pressed slidingpart having a beveled holding surface, and two of which are provided with actuating means to move such parts against the stress of their springs, the other two being unprovided with such means. Certain portions of the windoware broken away to bettershow the parts mentioned. Fig. 9 illustrates another form of the invention wherein those portions of the window which contain the sash are seen in front view with the remaining portions A portion only of the guidebroken away. As here shown the parts are ing dctcnt and abutment.

somewhat differently constructed and arranged from what is the case in preceding figures, but the edgewise and sidewise movement .of the sash in its guideway may take place, as set forth in said. patent of June 30, 1896, and in addition the movement of one of the holding devices may lessen the holding action of each of the other holding devices. Fig. 10 shows inverticalsectiononline 10 10 of Fig. 9, the parts there seen from the right. Fig. 11 shows in vertical section, on line 11+].1, near the upper left hand portion of Fig. 9, the parts there shown. Fig. 12 shows in horizontal section on line 1212 of Fig. 9, the parts there illustrated. Fig. 13 shows in horizontal section on line 1313 of Fig.19, the parts as there shown. Fig. 13 shows a portion of a Window provided with one form of holding devices applied thereto. Fig. 13 shows a portion of a window, with the sash in sectionhaving another form of holding devices applied thereon. Fig. 13 shows in front elevation, with a portion of the casing removed, the holding device attachedto the lower portion of the sash seen in Fig. 13 and with a modified form of lock- Fig. 14 shows in front elevation. a portion of a window, with vertical central portion broken away, whereinthe movement of one holding device may le 'en the holding action of the remaining devices. Fig. 15 shows in vertical section, on line 5-]5 of Fig. 14 the parts there shown from the right. Fig. 16 shows in horizontal section on line 16*16 of Fig. 14, the parts there shown. Fig. 17 shows in horizontal section on line 1717, near upper right hand portion of Fig. 14, the parts there seen. 18 shows in 1| ront elevation a portion of a sash with a holding device pivotally mounted upon the sash and movable therewith and relatively to the guideway. Fig. 1?) shows a somewhat similar device pivotally mounted to the window frame. Fig. 26) shows in cross section on lines 20-20 of Fig. 18, the parts there seen. Fig. 21 shows a modified form of the holding device seen in Fig. 5, witlrthe casing partly in section.

Fig. 22 shows in front elevation a modified form of actuating means and so arranged as to be within the grasp of a single hand of the operator, the same being app ied to the lower portion of a window, and with a looking detent and fixed abutting surface. Fig.=

- shows in horizontal section, on line 23-23 of Fig. 22, the parts there seen.

In Figs. 1. to 4 inclusive A is the window frame, provided with a -guideway for the sash B, and. in which it may move in the opening and closing direction, as well as to a slight degree edgewise and sidewise when unrestrained by the holding devices, which 'are designed 1 to movably bear against the sash at difl'erent points there0n. (l is the glass set 111 the sash, 'B, and D, D, D and D are the holding devices which normally bear against the sash and hold it pressed towards the exterior of the window.

As here shown the. window may form a part ofa passenger car, such asmaybe many times seen in use on railroads, but the window may, if desired, form a part of any kind of a structure. Also, as here shown, the sash is provided with spring counterbalancing or automatic raising means, such as are many sashes at the present day. Such means con- 'sist of a spring roller mounted in brackets a suitable distance from the sash and connected thereto by some flexible material which will wind upon the roller. The spring is suitably adjusted to either partially or .wholly counterbalance the weight of the sash, or to wholly overcome such weight, when the sash is more or less free-to move in the opening direction, so that when the sash is released from its holding devices it will quickly. rise into the open position, as de sired. This roller is designated as Z and the band or web of cloth, one end of which is'secured to the roller and the other to the sash as A.

As here shown the guideway a is partly formed by stationary or fixed parts of the window frame A and partly by removable parts, as is customary many times with win- (lows. These removable parts, as here shown, consist of the usual stop beads which are removably secured to. the window frame in the usual way. These stop beads are designated as b. For a suitable distance from the bottom of the window, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2, a part, as b, having a beveled or wedge shaped surface is secured'to each of' the stop beads i), b. These arts 6 do not extend throughout the entire length of the stop beads, as shown. To the upper ends of these stop beads spring holding devices 1) and D are arranged, one at one edge of the sash or side of the frame and one at the other. These holding devices 10*, D are in theform of flat bent springs and each is secured to its stop bead b, as shown, and the stress of each spring causes the free end to bear against the sash and press such portion of the sash away from its stop bead 7) and towards that portion of the guideway with which the exterior portion of the sash engages.

The lower portion of the sash is provided with two holding devices l), l), each of which is provided with a spring pressed sliding part or bolt having a beveled or wedge shaped bearing surfacefas seen in Fig. 3'.- Holding device D has its sliding part or bolt (1 arranged so that its beveled bearing surface bears against the beveled or wedge shaped .part, as 6 which is secured tothe lower portion of the stop bead b at that side of the window and holding deviceD has it sliding part or bolt cl arranged for its bearing surface bolts-or parts (1 and (1 press against the wedge shaped-parts mounted on the stop beads, the springs s and 8X exert their force to press or ush the sash toward the exterior of the'win ow and at the same time such wedge shaped bolts tend to move the sash outwards in the guideway so that each spring exerts substantially an equal force in moving the sash exteriorly. Holding device D is providedwith means by which the stress of this springs may be overcome and the bolt or part (I move in a direction away from the beveled or wedge sha ed part mounted on the stop bead at thatside of the window. This holding device and the means by which the sliding part (1 is thus moved away from the beveled part 6 is seen on an enlarged scale in Fig. 5 where the greater portion of the outer casing is removed. These means consist of a bent lever w, one erid of which engages with the bolt (2, as shown, and the other extends out of the casing and is provided with a finger or thumb'portioh which it may be actuated. When levergr is moved from the position seeninrfull lines in Fig. 5'to that seen in dotted lines bolt (1 is released from its holding .action of device D,

as the distance this bolt (1 can move out of the casing is limited by any suitable means desired. .When-lever :c is in the position seen in dotted lines the sash can be raised by roller Z, orby applying force thereto in-the proper direction, as'it is free to move in-the guideway except for the stress of the s ring holding devices D and D and the friction they cause, which is not sufficiently great-to wholly inkpede the raising of the sashal though su ieient to hold that portion against its guideway, under normal circumstances;

Upon releasing the lever 00 at any portion of the movement of the sashinthe opening direction the spring 8 causes the lever and bolt (1 to move so as to bring its beveled bearin surface into forcible contact with the beveled surface of the part I), mounted on the stop head I) with which it normally engages. This also causes the sash to move edgewise so as to cause the bearing surface of bolt (1 and holding device D to bear against the beveled surface mounted on stop bead b at that side of the window and to compress its spring .9", and at the same time force the lower portion :bevele of the sash away from the stop beads, 72, .b holding the sash tightly against the outward portion of its guidewa thus excluding cold alnd dirt and preventing the sash from ratt ing. a

It will be observed that holding device D is provided with a movable part d having a beveled portion, and actuating means,'which beveled portion frictionally bears against the beveled surface of the part, as I), mounted on the sto bead adjacent thereto, which part is d in substantially the direction the sash moves in opening and, closing.

,If desired two holding'devices, similar to device D may be employed at the lower por tion of the sash, one at each side of the window, the only difference being that the lever will be arranged as indicated in the lower portion of Fi 8, whereinthe stop beads b,

corresponding to the 'stop'beads b, b, in Figs. 1 to 4, I have their beveled portions, which are mounted thereon, extend the whole length of the sash, and two holding devices D D'', similar to holding device D, are

employed for the lower ortion of the windew, and two holding devices D and D similar to holding device D, are employed for the p upper portion of the window.

lso, if desired holding device I) or D may be provided with a locking detent g, which, ifdesired, may be conveniently secured or attaehed to sliding bolt (1, as in Figs. 1, 2, 5 and 6, or-otherwise, so that such detent may be moved into and out of locking position by the same means that actuate the-bolts.

This locking detent gmay engage, when the sash is in the closed position, with an abutting surface 1*, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, secured to the frame of the window or to part bb adjacent to the guideway, and in position to prevent any substantial upward movement of the sash whenarranged to hold the sash closed, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, i

and also as indicated in Figs. 8,9, 12, 14, 16 and 22.

If desired the holding device, as D shown inhorizontal section in Fig. 7, may be employed i-n place'of the holding devi'ceD or D,

1 the beveled surface of which may coact with the adjacent parts in the manner indicated in this Fig; 7. The operation and-manner of using the holding device,'as D is-similar to i that of using the holding-device D, and this action on the sash is also similar; The-sash in this Fig. 7 is designated asB,the sliding bolt asd theguideway as a and the. stop 7 move the sash in one direction.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 8 some of the individual holdingdevices serve to, in a measure, control and yet to. permit the n ovement of the sash in the guideway, while other of such devices partially release the sash upon manipulating the actuating means provided, so that the sash may be manually moved to Open and close the window and yethave its movement more or less controlled under the action of gravity or other force tending to Thus the sash is partially held and partially released by the action of these individual holding devices. It is to be observed that the holding devices D and D seenin Fig. 1 do not interfere with the edgewise movement of the sash under the action of the holding devices D and D. Also that these devices I) and D bear against the sash with a yielding force so as to act thereon and yet to move slightly to accommodate themselves to inequalities in the sash, as it moves in opening and closing the window. These individual holding devices which. artially hold and thereby con:

; largely if not wholly eliminated.

trol more or ess the movement of the sash in opening and closing the window ser e an im, portant purpose in the combinations of which they form a part. As a result of this partial holding of the sash the danger of injury to passengers caused by falling sashes is It is a well known fact that sashes weighing between 30 and 40 pounds are now commonly used in Windows of railway cars. It can be readily seen that the unobstructed falling of' such weights upon the hands and arms of passengers will cause injury thereto of a serious nature. These holding devices D D not only serve the above purpose but they co-act with the other holding devices with which they are combined in forming a tight, noiseless and readily movable sash under the well known varying circumstances of use, such as the swelling and shrinking of the Wood of which the sash and its frame are composed, the twisting action of the car body caused by varying changes in the track and road bed, etc.

in Figs. 9 to 13 inclusive, somewhat different forms of holding devices are employed, butwith substantially the same action upon the sash, except that the holding action of each device upon the sash may belessened by the -movement of a part of one of the holding devices. A is the frame, B the sash, a the guideway in the frame in which the sash may move in opening and closing the window. D, D, D and .D" are theholding devices. The devices D and D are mounted in a fixed relation to the sash andbear against it at two points one where D is secured to the sash and the other where D is so secured; and devices D and D are mounted in a fixed relation to the guideway, so far as the movement of the sash in the the left of Fig. 12.

' sired.

opening and closing structure is cone The stop bead b of the guirh -ay left of these figures is provided, .-or poi-ti of its height, at least equal to -the extent of movement of the'sash in the openingdirection, with a piece of material as b as seen at I The sash is his provided with suitable beveled co-acting surfaces at its opposite edges for a sufficient portion of its height for the holding devices i) and D to bear against, as the sash moves in opening and closing the window. The holding device D as shown at the left of Figs. 9 and 12 has its beveled engaging surface in contact with the beveled piece of material 1, which is attached to the frame of the window. Holding device I), mounted uponthe stop bead b bears against the beveled portion of.

the sash B as seen at the left upper corner of Fig. 9 and at the left of Fig. 13. One stop bead b seen in Figs. 9 and 10 simply covers the pivoted lever (Z Holding device D engages with the lower portion of this lever d" so as to force the holding device as D, carried at its upper end into engagement with the beveled portion of t it sash B The por tion of this lever d below the pivotal point is beveled so that the beveled end of the belt or movable part of holding de ice D may engagetherewith, as seen at the right of Fig. 12. This holding devioel) is secured to the sash and moves therewith and the beveled edge of this lever D is beveled for at least the de sired distance that the sash moves in opening the window. Each of these holding devices D, D; D and l)" bear against the'sash at separate and somewhat widely differing points so that each presses or pushes its respective upper and lower corners of the sash into close and intimate contact with the eX Y terior portion of the window frame, when the sash IS in the closed posit on, and, therefore,

because of this co-action of these holding de vices with the sash and window frame each device tends to hold its own individual corner portion of the sash tightly in position so as to thereby exclude dust and drafts of air. Each of these individual holding devices I), D,

D and D coact with the and window frame in substantially the same manna in pressing or forcing such sash "reward the ex' terror of the window frame.

v 9 p lioldmg dev ce D may be me same as shown in Fig. 5, with its sluiing bolt to engage with the beveled coacting sur e on a lever, pivotally mounted on the W1 ow, as seen at the right of Fig. 12, and it my also be provided with actuating m imiiar to what is shown in Fig. 5 or L .herwise, de-

ll? of the same constructnm, as seen in F15. 5 it mav be )rovided with a similar y l lockm detent and abuttin surface as indi- I oated, or it may be provided with some other form, as forinstancc, that seen in Fig. 18, as

desired.

Holding'device D may have a fixed or non sliding bolt witha beveled bearing surface, as shown at the left of Fig. '12, which is, shown, fixedly attached to the sash: Holding device D consists of a spring mounted bearing block d, attached to removable part 71 at the left of Fig. 9, and more clearly seen in Fig. 11, which block is provided with a beveled bearing or co-acting surface to bear against a beveled, edge. of the sash, .13 as more clearly seen at the left of Fig; 13.

Holdingdevice I), as here shown, consists of a lever d pivoted to the frame of the window, as seen at the right of Fig. 9, and more clearly seen inFigs. lOand l2. This lever cl extends, as shown, throughout nearly the heightof the sash and for ,the lower portion of its heightit is provided with a co-acting or beveled surface ,as indicated in Fig. 12 at the right hand thereof, with which the beveled or co-acting surface of the bolt of device D may frictionallybear. so arranged relatively to the beveled co-acting 1 surface on the lower portion; of lever (i that as the bolt is forced towards and against the lever it forces its lower portion away from the sash, causing such lever to rock on its pivotal connection to the frame and-moving the upper end of such lever towards the sash.

This upper end of lever d is provided with a projecting beveled portion, as seen in Figs. '9, l and 13 which engages with the beveled surfaceon thesash, wlien such-upper end is forced suiiicientlyltowards theupper portion of the sash, as shown atit'he ri-ght of Fig. 13,

causing the sash to move slightly edgewise and sidewise, so as to firmly, hold it to its guideway, as shown, thismovement taking place throughout the height of the sash, although it may vary in extent at different portions thereof. Vfhcn the sliding bolt of device D" is actuated so as to. move out of frictional contact with the co-acting surface of lever r the sash can lh iuuove edgewise and sidewise slightl'y ai dlv ,lievelod surface on devices 1)? and ll! will not hear so hard upon their co-actii'ig surl'iwe'as before and in this way the sash will he more or less relieved from the holding action of all of the holding devices, as the nioven'ient of the movable belt of device I) permits lover d to rock on its pivot and release the sash from the holding action of device llf, l'lheipivoted lever (1 forms aconnection, or. i cting means between thef'holding devir fl) arranged at the lower portion of the sash, andholding device D; carried at the up] end of such lever andarranged to bear aga' stthe upper portion of the sash.

It will he observed that theimovement of V the movable, bolt towards against the lower portion of lever (1? causes theholding action of each and all of the devices D; D, I), and D to be increased, and-this is done to substantially the same extent'with This bolt is -of the Window-beveled in substanti ployed, the same being constructed and arranged in connection with abeveled surface formed on the guidjefiay at that part of the window as devices D and D are arranged,

' and acting thereon in a similar manner to force the sash edgewise to the right and sidewise toward the exterior of the car. Also a pivotally -mounted holdin device, as shown in Fig. 13" may be emp oyed at the right hand portion of the window and applied in a similar manner to that which the similarly mounted device is ap lied inFig. 9. If this latter be done then a holding device as shown in front view in Fig. 13. with its casing partly removed, may be employed to co-act with the pivotally mounted ortion of the device shown in Fig. 13 such a case the devices D and D", seen in Fig. 13 would,

before explained, have movable parts adapted to move transversely to the direction in which the sash moves in opening and closin and all of the devices would yield relativel to the sash, also as before explained, af

though some would yield somewhat differentl from what others would.

I oldin'g device D in Fig. 13 is pivotally mounted on the window frame A, as seen in Fig. 9, and it is provided with a bearing or co-acting surface substantially parallel with the interior surface of sashB and, when in holding. position tends. to force the sash to= wards the exterior of the car, as the end in"? contact with the movable part or plate m of holding device D mounted on the sash is movedaway from thesash by the upward movement of said part or. late m. As shown this movable part or p ate m is slid-- ingly mounted on the casing of the holding device by means of two studs n, n and in;- clined slots 0, o, the latter being'formed-in the movable part 'or plate m so that as this movable part or late moves upward or towards the top of tlie sash the lower end of the levrPsof-the hold ing device DP-will be forced 1 awayf-rom the sash and its opposite end will be forced towardthe sash as is' the case-with the holding device D and lever-d in Figs.

hev eledsurfaces for holding de'vices D and.

directionthe" sash moves inopenin and n ana ram read ng-- ly the closing, and'alsoin themean'sby whic this device D is made to move into the holding 9' to l3, -notwiths tanding.theabsence of.

position against the sash, when the same is mounted as shown in Fig. 13*.

Holding device D is provided with a movable part or plate m mounted, as above explained, which is provided with actuating means somewhat similar to What is seen in of engagement with the abutting surface 1 when actuating lever a is actuated tov release the sash from the holdin r action of devices D and D \Vhile the locking dctent and abutting surface in Fig. 13" is different in form, construction and manner of connectin with the movable part or bolt m it serves the same function in the same way as in preceding figures, and is combined with such part so as' to move therewith in substantially the same manner as is the case in such receding-constructions.

In igs. 14,15, 16 and 17, pivotally mount ed holding devices are shown of the general form of those seen in Figs. 9 to 13, but two are shown as used, one at each side of the window, and having bearing surfaces at the upper ends of the levers substantially parallel with the plane of the interior surface of the sash against which they bear. In these figures A is the frame of the window, B the sash, a, the guideway and D D, D and 'D the holding devices.

Holding devices D may be similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 6, if desired, or it may be' of the form shown in Figs. 20 and21, orany other desired, which also may be the case with device D. As here shown these de vices are indicated as being of the construction in the lower part of Fig. 8 and Figs. 1 to 6, as such is a convenient form to represent. Each device D and D is provided with a movable sliding bolt having a beveled bearing surface adapted to bear upon a beveled coacting surface, as in the case with device D with the-levers of devices D and D.

in connection with the beveled surface on the lower port-ion of lever d".

Holding devices D and D are provided with actuating means, a portion of which is a spring which exerts'its stress to force the bolts of such,devices into frictional bearing D is provided with a loosing detent and abutting surface as in Figs; 1 to 5, while D is not so prm vided. Both may be so provided if desired.

Holding devicesv D and D are each pro- The lever Q is pivoted in position for its other arm to connect with lever 11: by lmk' a and be moved so as to move out vided with a lever (Z and d respectively,"

which levers. are pivotally mounted to the -window frame as in the case of lever (Z hereupper ri ht hand portion of the sash, being shown, t e opposite one being quite similar. The operation of the holding devices shown in these Figs. 14 to 17 is similar to those in Figs. 9-to 13, except that there is no necessary edgewise movement of the upper portion of thesash when holding devices 1) and D are forced into holding position,

while there may be such edgewise moven'ie'nt of the lower port-ionof the sash.

It will be observed that in Fig. 1 the hoiding devices are adapted to yield relatively to the sash and guideway. Devices 1) and 1) yield with the sash as it yields under force, and the sliding bolts d and d yield relatively to the casings of the devices and also relatively'to the beveled surfaces mounted on the stop beads b, b. Devices D and D are in the form of flat bent springs and consequently yield relatively to and with the sash and guideway. It will also be DDSGI'VGLl that de- .vlces D and D have a holding portion, the

sliding bolts (1 and d, movable transversely to the direction in which the sash moves in its guideway. The sliding bolts of devices D D D and D of Fig. 8 are also movable transversely to the direction in which the sash moves, and each one is alsoadapted to yield relatively to the guideway and sash. This is also true of the holding devices shown in Fi s. 9, 14, 18, 19, 22 and 28. In each case t e holding devices can yield as the sash yields, when in the holding position, whether each individual device has a spring pressed part or not. For instance the device D in Fig. 9 is fixedly attached to the sash and yet by reason of the beveled co-acting surfaces and the: spring pressed part orsliding bolt in device D", D and. the sash can yield as force is applied to that portion of the sash to which D is attached, in a direction to cause the sash to move edgewise and sidewise, and

then, when such force is removed, the sash and device may again yield and move edge wise and sidewise, and so on, the sash being held in its'guideway with a yielding pressure,-'

this being the case in each of the em-lnydiments herein shown.

A somewhat modified form of pivotally mounted holding device, or devices. are shown in Figs. 18 and 19. In Fig. 18 such devices; are pivotally mounted on the sash and move with the sash as it moves in the opening and closing direction, while in F g. 19 the devices are mounted on the rains of the window or a part secured thereto.

In as. 1s holding device D17 is ivotally 'by the frictional holding actionof t e device substantiallyithe same as in Figs. 18 only in upon'such surface. As here shown the lever d is provided with afixed finger or thumb piece and D is )rovided with actuating means consistin oi a spring s to move the device into hol mg position and a finger or hand iece x, by which it. can be moved in the ot er directlon and against the stress of s ring at As the s ring 3 forces the beve ed' surface of D into co-acting relation to the beveled'surface d on the frame it causes lever d 't'o reckon its pivot and force that portion of D, at its up or end, into forcible contact with the same e'veled surface, thus causing the sash to move both sidewise and ed gewise,'if it; is not in contact with its guideway at its opposite edge. It Wlll be ob served that the upper end of device D moves so nearly in a direction transversely to the direction in which the sash moves that it maybe said-to substantially so move.

In Fig-19holding'devic'es D and D are Fig. "19 such devices, as before explained, are mounted upon the window frame. Device D is pivotally attached to lever (1 which is pivotally mounted on-franie A the sash B bemgprovided with a beveled surface (1. The actuating means for device 1) may be the same as for device D" or different, as desired. The operation of the devices in Fig.

19 are similar to those in Fig.'18.'

Flg; 20 shows m=crosssect1ona modlfied form of holding device, somewhat d ifl'erentl y lib ding device D is attached to the sash B and the beveled surface, beveled in substantially the direction-in which the sash moves, is formed of a )ieced mounted on the stop b'oadb. In-Fig. 21 this holding device is shown on an enlarged scale and in front'elovation with a portion of the casing rcmoved to expose -themovable parts to View}; The removable bolt (1 ls'piyotally mounted in the casing mstead of shdmg therein as seen in some-of the )recedin fi ures: A spring 8 is arranged in the casing so that its stress is exerted on bolt (1 in a di 'rection to force and hold itin holding contact-with the beveled surfac e'of thepioce d" securedto thc stop head 6 and in this way tends to force or press the sash both edgewise. and sidewise in its guidcway, as is the case in, preceding figures. This forcing or and preceding figures.

lied 1 from those heretofore described;

pressing of the sash both edgewise and sidewise as herein shown results in forcing or pressing the .sash towards the exterior of the 'window. A thumb or fin er iece a5 is provided for the J pivoted bolt and with a spring 8 forms actuating means therefor. As here shown a fixed fingeror thumb piece is formed on the casing to aid in operating the pivoted bolt (1 A modified. form of actuating means are shown in Figs. 22 and 23, and these means are so arrangedrelatively to the holding devices that a portion of the means for one device is in somewhat close proximity to a corresponding portion of another device, and thus arranged .to be operated by a single band of theoperator. Device D is provided with a sliding d sliding transversely to, the direction in which the sash B moves in open ing and closing, which sash moves in the guidewav formed in frame A". This movable or sliding bolt or part d, if desired may be made to engage with an abut-ting surface formed by the shoulder 1* formed on the coacting surface on b, as indicated at the right of Fig. 23. This surface is cut away so asto permit bolt (1 to move in further towards the frame, at this point than elsewhere and there is thus formed a-shoulder against which the upper edge of the movable or sliding bolt or part (1* abutsand locks'the sash as in Fig. 22 In Fig. 22 sliding bolt (1 is provided with a locking dctent (1, which as in some of the preceding figures. engages with an abutting surface 1*, to l0('l 100 the sash in the closed position, The action of the shoulder r, on the co-acting, surface formed on b in looking the sash in the closed position is thesame as is that of the detent q and abutting surface 1-- of Fig. 22. the 5 .only difference being that sliding bolt d moves further towards the frame of the window when in the locking position in Fig. 23 than is the casein Fig. 22, and some of the preceding figures. F Movable bolts (1' and-d 0 have beveled bearing surfaces and the t arc movable in opposite directions to he disengaged from their respective (to-acting surfaces formed. on the parts I)" b". Each bolt is provided with a rod extending toward its 5 companion bolt and on the ends of those rods 1?" and 1- finger or thumb pieces 93 and .r"

are placed and are so arranged, relatiwbv to each other. that both may be grasped by the hand of the operator and the rods moved 13;;

endwiso, moving the movable bolls with them and transversely to the direction in which the sash moves, and towards oat-h other, and moving thev bow-led surfaces on. of contact with the co-acting beveled sur- 5 faces on the parts I)" b. The ctr-acting surl'aces on parts Z and B" are here shown as of diil'crcnlshape from H1080llQl'KlOlulO shown but they performthe same functions in connection with the sliding bolts or movable 13o dividual device. I

parts d and as do the other forms, so far as concern the edgewise and sidewise movement of the sash relatively to the guidewav. Other forms of (co-acting surfaces may be employed which serve these functions in substantially the same way. Many forms of coacting surfaces have been hcrein fshown and described and these will naturally suggest to those skilled in the art other forms of co-acting surfaces which may be employed in place of those herein shown and described, and which serve the functions served by those herein shown and described in substantially thc'same way, therefore, the particular shape of the tie-acting surfaces is not of the essence of the present invention, so long as such surfaces serve the functions served by those herein specificaliy shown and described. The operation of the actuating means in these figures is similar to those in other figures in that the sash may be yieldinglyheld in its guideway and may also be given a sidewise and edgewise movement more or less, as de sired, by reason of the beveled surfaces )rovided. It will be manifest that the hol in devh s shown in Fi s. 22 and 23 maybe use in place of other holding devices attached to the sash shown in preceding figures with similar effect; and also that this is truevith regard to the actuating means here shown.

In each of the different embodiments of the invention herein shown each holding device is arranged to bear against the sash at a point corresponding to the location of each in- In Fi s. 1 to 7 the device D forms an individual holding device, bearing against the sash at its lower right hand corner, as seen in Fig. 1, and at a point-somewhat distant from the point where any other individual holding device, as for instance the devices D, D or D", bear against the sash. Each device has a given oint at which it bears against the sash. is is also true of the other embodiments shown and described,

' whether the holding devices are provided with movable parts or not, or whether thc movable parts be provided with actuating aneans by Whlfili' each individual movable part may be actuated or not. These holding devices are not positively connected together, so that the movable part of one, if it has such a part, must necessarily partake of or respond to all of the movements of the movable part of some other device, but they are so arranged, relatively to one another, that the movable part of one device may at times move independently of the movable part or parts of other devices, and also in different directions. For instance in the construction shown in Fig. 1 there is no connection whatever between the several movable parts of thd holding devices by which the movement of one part can in any way compel the movement of any other part In each figure the holding devices are so combined together that the movement of the movable part of one of the devices provlded able part of either holding device D or of D modifies the holding action of the other device upon the sash. In Fig. 9 the movement of the movable part (1 of device D", modifies the holding action of each of the other holding devices D, D, D shown therein, as before explained.

It is to be observed that in Fig. 9 actuating means for only a single movable part is shown and the movement of this movable part cl" of device D, ractically releases the holding action of al four holding devices, there shown, upon the sash, and when such part is moved in the other directionthe holding action of all four devices is put upon the sash, notwithstanding the fact that no two of such holding devices are alike in construction and specific manner of producing a holding action upon the sash. It is also to be observed that a four of these holding devices are arranged to bear against the sash in a direction which tends to move it sidewise and yieldingly hold it against corresponding portions of the guideway, so that the sash is held against rattling and cinders, dust, &c. are excluded.

VV'hen the individual holding devices are arranged, as shown more particularly in Figs. 1, 9, 14, &c., with a portion mounted upon and carried b the sash and another portion is monnte ad'acent thereto, thesash is, when released, free to move in the guideway in the opening and closing directions without forming openings in the frame over the sash for th holding devices which bear against the u pp r'portion of the sash topass through, because such holdin devices are not attached to the sash an do not move with it. If'these uppermost holding devices are arranged as seen in Fig. 1, so as to always bear upon the sash they hold the sash in the guideway and assist in guiding it in its opening and closin directions, and the active portion of the guideway itself neednot be as long as if such devices were carried b the sash. Also when a portion of such hol ing devices are mounted adjacent to the sash, instead of u on it, such adj acent portion may be rea ily concealed in the window frame leaving the sash intact and, therefore, unweakened, and whether a plied, as seen in Fig. 1 or a similar manner t ese holding devices may be applied without materially cutting and weakening the sash, which is de-.

sir-able.

, vary in extent from that of others as desired,

withoutsuch holdingaction materially changin in use.

vidual holding devices, havingone point of bearing for each device can be more cheaply and satisfactorily applied by the ordinary workman nowlargely employed than can holding devices having-apomt of bearing extending over a space served by two or more of these individual holding devices.

It is to be understood that other forms and constructions of holding devices, and also other arrangements of such devices than those here shown may be employed and yet have the structures embody the combinations particularly pointed out in the claims annexed hereto and forming a part of this specification, hence I do not wish to be limited to such forms or embodiments of the invention herein illustrated, but wish to include all combinations which embody the )rinciples 'or modes of operation herein set forth and wherein the several arts are combined together in substantial ythe mannerherein described.

The pivotally mounted holding device is not broadlyvclaimed herein, as it forms the subject matter of another application filed January 16, 1903, Serial Number 139,287, and is claimed herein in combination with beveled co-acting surfaces, as ointed out in the claims hereunto annexed and close the window, a series of indivi ual holding devices, each of which is adapted to' hear at a separate. point to hold the sash in the guideway, a ortion of which series is adapted to contro the sash by retarding its movement in the closing direction and another ortion of such series is rovided with actuating means by which the iolding action of this latter portion is sufficiently released to ermit the sash tomove in opening and closmg the window.

-2." In a'window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway to own and close the window, a series of indivi ual holding devices-each of which is adapted to It has been found in-practice that indi- What I' claim as new and desire to secure bear at a separate point to hold the sash in the guideway, a portion of which series is adapted to bear with substantially equal force in either direction of movement of the sash and another portion of such series is provided with actuating means by which the olding' action' of this latter ortion may be partially released to permit t e sash to move in opening and closing the window.

3. In a wmdow the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway, more than two individual holding devices adapted t9 bear against the sashat different points, one

point of bearing for each device, one of which devices is provided with a movable part having a beveled surface and actuating means therefor, and a co-acting portion arranged substantially in the direction the sash moves, with which such movable art may friction ally bear, whereby the sasli may be released from the holding action of more than two holding devices when such movable part is moved by the actuating means in one direction.

4. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway to open and close the window, a series of individual holding devices each of which is adapted to hear at a separate point to hold the sash in the guideway a portion of such series being mounted upon and carried by the sash and another portion is mounted adjacent thereto, both portions of such series tending to move the sash sidewise 1n the guideway, one portion having actuatin means by which the I) portion of the series of holding devices may be partially released holding action of sue to permit the sash to move in opening and closing the window.

5. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway to open and close the window, a series of individual holding devices each of which is adapted to bear at a separate point to hold the sash in the guideway, a portion of such series being mounted upon and carried by the sash another portion is mounted adjacent to the sash, both portions tending to move the sash sidewise in the guideway and are provided with beveled bearing surfaces, actuating means, and coacting portions arranged substantially in the direction the sash moves, whereby a portion of such series of holding devices may be released upon the movement of the actuating means and the movement of the sash in the guideway controlled in the closing direction. v

' 6. In a window the combination, substan tially as \set forth, of ajguideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway, a series of individual holding devices, each of which is adapted to bear at a separate point to hold the sash in the guideway, a or'tion'of which ser es is provided w1th beve ed bearing-sun faces, one of WhICll 1s upon'a movable part and is provided with actuating means, and coactmgportions arr-angled substantially 1n i e sash moves with the direction in which. t which such movable part may frictionally bear, whereby the sash maybe released from the holding action ofsuchxm'ovable part when the actuating Ineans are-actuated in one direction.

-7. In a window the combination, substan;

\ tially as set forth, of a guideway, a. sash adapted to move in the guideway, a series of adapted to hear at aseparate point to hold individual holding devices each "of which is thegsash in the guideway, a plurality of the holding devices of such series being provided with movable parts having beveled beari ,1 surfaces, one of which parts is provided wit actuating means, coactmg portions arranged substantially the direction in which the sash the holding devices may frictionally bear,

whereby the sash inay be released from the hoiding action'of the movable part provided with actuatingmeans when such means are actuated in one direction.

i/ 8Tln a window the combination, substantiaHy' as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adan'ted'tomove in the guideway, a series of individual holding devices each of which is adapted to bear at a separate point to .hold the sash in the guideway, such seriesof holding devices bein adapted to bear against the sash andto yie d in directions transversely to the direction in which the sash moves, one

of such series of devices being provided. with a movable part and actuating means, whereby thesash may be partially released to permit thesame to openand close the window.

9. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash I adapted to move in the guideway, individual holding devices adapted to bear against the sash at different points one point of bearing for eachdevice, and to yield indirections transversely to the direction in which the sash. moves, a plurality of which are rovided with movable parts having bevelec bearing surf aces and actuating means for one of such movable arts, and coa'cting ortions of the stantially as set forth, of a sash at different moves-with which the movable parts of, Y

transversely to the direction in which the sash moves, a plurality of which are] provided with movable parts, one of which is provided with a beveled bearing surface and actuating means therefor, and a coacting portion of the window, arranged substantially in the direcr the beveled surface of such movablepart may frictionally bear and increase the' holding action of more holding devicesthanthe one provided with such "beveled surface;

jtion in which the sash moves with which whereby the sash may be released 'from the holding action of suchmovable part whenthe actuating means therefor are actuated in one direction.

11. In ;a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, asash ada ted to move in the guideway, individual hol ing devices adapted to bear against the points, one point of bearing for each device, a plurality of which devices are provided with movable parts, spring actu ated in the holding direction, one of which is provided with "a beveled bearing surface and actuating means therefor to move such parts against the stress of their s rings, and a coacting portion, arranged su stantiall'y in the direction the sash moves, with which. the beveled surface of the movable part may frictionally bear and, increase the holding action of more holding devices than the one provided with such beveled surface, whereby the sash may be released from-the'holdingfl} action of such movable part when the aLctu-Lf ating' means therefor are actuated.

12. In a window the combination,flsub' stantially as set forth, of a guideway 1 a sash adapted to move in the g uideway, ind1 ally mounted in holding 'viduale holding devices adapted to bear against the" sashat different points, one point of bearing for each device one of which devices is pivdt- 1 position relatively to the sash and another of which is'mounted. v in coactmg relation thereto,yone of. which is provided with a movable part having a bev=- eled bearing surface and actuating means therefor, and a coacting portion arranged substantially in the direction the sash moves, with which the beveled able art may frictionally bear, whereby the beveled bearing surfaces may increase the holding action of the pivotally mounted holding device.

surface of the -mov-.

13. In a window the combination, sub

stantially as set forth, of a guide/ ay, a sash adapted to move in the guideway, individual holding devices adapted to bear against the sash at different points, one point of bearing for each device, one of which devices is pivotally mounted in holding position relatively to the sash and is provided with a beveled bearing surface and another of which devices is mounted in coacting relation to that pivotally mounted, one of which two devices is provid ed with a movable part haxvingfa bev-' surfaces being so arranged relatively to one ment of the movableflpar t may increasethe. holding actionof bot-h devices when'moved into holding position and move the sash both edgewise and sidewise. r- V 14. In a window illlHCOlIlblllfilDlOIl, sub-' stantially as set forth, of a guideway, asash:

adapted to move in the guideway, individual holding devices adaptedto bear against; the sashat different points, one point of beer-mg,

for each device a plurality of which devices are provided with movable parts which yield in directions transversely t0 the direction in which the sash moves, two-of which are provided with movable parts, movable in different directions when moving into holding positions, and having beveled bearing surfaces, actuating means for such parts, and beveled portions against which the beveled bearing surfaces may engage, the, several beveled another that the movable parts tend to move the sash edgewise in two directions, whereby the sash may be released from the holding action of such movable parts when the actuating means therefor are actuated in. one direction.

15. In a" window the combination, substantially set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway,'individual holding devices adapted to bear against the sash at different points, a portion of which bear with substantially equal force in either direction of movement of the sash, one point of bearing for each device,,a plurality of which devices are provided with movable parts yieldingly bearing against the sash, each of which is actuable, actuating means for such parts, and coacting portions for the holding devices, a portion being arranged substantially in the direction the sash moves with which the bearing surfaces of the hold-- ing devices may frictionally bear andl'iold the sash m the guldeway.

16,. In a window the" combination, sub- 1' stantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway, individual holding \(JG'VICGS adapted to bear against the sash at different points, one pointof bearing for each device a lurality of which devices are provided with movable parts, spring actuated in one direction and actuating means, for actuating such parts in another direction, one of which devices is mounted at one edge of the sash and another is mounted at the other edge thereof, each of which is provided with a beveled bearing surface, a locking detent connected with the actuating means of one of such movable parts, a locking abutment mounted adjacent to the guide-- way, and coacting portions, arranged substantially in the direction the sash moves,

with which the bearing surfaces of the mov-- able parts may frictionally bear, whereby the sash may be released from the locking action of the detent upon manipulating the actuating connected.

17. In a window the combinationysub s'tantially as set'forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guideway, individual holding devices adapted to bear against the sash atdifferent points, one point of bearing 7 for each dev1ce one of which devices is pro- 'lided with a movable part having a beveled bearing surface and a locking surface, the latter being adapted to engage with a locking abutment mounted in locking relation thereto and actuating means therefor, and a coacting portion, arranged substantially in the direction the sash it moves, with which such beveled surface may frictionallybear, whereby the sash may bereleased from the locking action of the locking and abutting'surfaces when the'actuatmg means are actuated m one direction. I t

18. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway a sash adapted to. move in the guideway, individual holding devices adapted to bear against the means with which such detent is sash at different points, one point of bearing for each device'a-plurality of which devices are provided wit movable parts, spring actuated in one direction and actuating means for actuating such parts in another direction, .one of which devices is mounted at one edge of the sash and'another is mounted at the other edge thereof, each of which is provided with abeveled bearingsurface, a locking detent connected with'the actuating means of each movable part, a locking'abutment' mounted in looking relation to each locking detent and beveled portions, beveled substantially in thexdirection;

the sash moves, with whichthe bearing sur-i faces of the movable parts may frictionally bear, the actuating means being arranged in such relation to each other as to be within the grasp of one hand of the operator, where-'- by the sash may hereleased from the locking detents and holding action of the bearing surfaces by manipulating the actuating means of-one hand of the operator. 7

19. In,a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash adapted to move in the guidcway, individual holding devices adapted to bear against the sash at different points, a portion of which bear with substantially equal force in either direction of IHOVGIIIBIlt of the sash, one point of bearing for each device, a plurality of which devices are provided with movable parts yieldingly bearing against the sash, each ,of which is actuable to partially release the sash, one of such parts being mounted at one edge of the sash and another at the other edge thereof, actuating means"for' the two I parts-thus mounted, a portion: of-each of I, hand of the operator, .forgtheh'olding devices, a portion being armoves with which the f holdings hold the-sash in the guideway.'- 170 which means is arranged adjacent to a portion of -.the other within the grasp of one and 'coacting portions ranged substantially in the direction the sash bearing surfaces of-the devicesmay frictionally bear and l 20. a window the combination, is'ubstantia'ily asset forth, of a guideway, a sash ada' ted tomove in the guideway, individual hol 'ng'd'e'vices adapted to bear against the sash atflifierentpoints, one point of bearing vided rarer a for each'device', one of which devices is proniovable part" ada ted to'be I. movedto releasetthe sash from t e holding action of such device .'while another of such devices. retains a holding action thereon, wherebthe .sash ispartlally released and "is partially held and its movement in the 2 ada hol ing devices adapte sash atdiiferent for each device,

'30 *videdtvitha movable part arranged near one 'gindeway is permitted by such'holding' de- 21, In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway, a sash ted to move in the (guideway, individual points, one point of bearing one of which devices is pro- .-corner of the sashand is adapted to be 'moved to release the sash from'the holding devices retains aholdin actio'nof such device, while another of such action thereon, whereby the sash is partia ly released and is partially held and its movement in the guideway is ermitted by such holding devices.

22. p n a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guideway; a sash ada ted to move in'the guideway, individual "hol ing devices adapted to bear against the points, one point of bearing sash at di'flerent for each device, one of which devices is provided with a movable part adapted to be moved to release the sash from the holding action of such devices, while another of such devices retains" a holding action thereon, and actuating means for such movable part adapted to actuate such part and to serve as a hand iece for use in moving the sash in the gui eway, whereby the sash is partially released and is partially held by the holding devices and the movable art is actuated by-the actuating means an the sash is permitted to movein the guideway.

'hol ing devices adapte other device retains a' holdin to bear against the 23;- In awindow the combination, substantially'as set forth, of 'a ideway, a sash ada ted toimove in the iiidi ivay, individual to bear against the sash at different points, one point of bearing for each-device, two of which devices, one at each of the opposite edges of the sash, are

provided wit movable parts, each part ada ted to'be moved to release the sash from V the olding action of such devices, while anaction thereon,

whereby the sash is partia ly releasedand partially-held and its movement in the guideway is 11121 rmitted by suchholding devices.

24. P a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a guidew'ay,'a sash adapted-to move therein, and a series of individual holding devices mounted to engage with the sash adapted to release the sash from the holding action ofsuch portion, while of such series remains in engagement with the sash in its movement in the g'uideway.

- adapted to remaln in engagement with such 'sash and partially obstruct its movement in the guideway.

26.'In a'window the combination, sub stantially as set forth,'of a guideway, a sash adapted to move therein, and a series vof u spring actuatedindividual; holding devices, a

portion of which series 'is provided with means to partially release the sash and another against the sash in its movement to open and close the window and partially hold it in its guideway. k

OLIVER M. EDWARDS. Witnesses:

CHAS. M. HANRAH'AN, RUBY A. HUGHES.

at different points one point of engagement for eachdevice, a portion of each series is provided wlth actuating means anotherportion portion of such series is unprovided VVltll such means and is adapted to bear a portion of 

